A systematic review of school health policy measurement tools: implementation determinants and outcomes

Abstract Background Governments in some countries or states/provinces mandate school-based policies intended to improve the health and well-being of primary secondary students cases school staff. Examples include mandating a minimum time spent per week programmed physical activity, provision healthy foods limiting fat content meals, banning tobacco products use on campuses. Although researchers have studied whether schools, districts, are meeting requirements, it is unclear what extent implementation processes determinants assessed. The purposes present systematic review quantitative measures policy were (1) identify measurement tools developed measure at school, district, state/provincial levels; (2) describe outcomes assessed trends measurement; (3) assess pragmatic psychometric properties identified understand their quality suitability for broader application. Methods Peer-reviewed journal articles published 1995–2020 included if they had multiple-item addressed overall wellness, tobacco, nutrition, obesity prevention, mental health/bullying/social-emotional learning. final sample comprised 86 from 67 peer-review articles. We extracted study characteristics, such as properties, based three frameworks: Implementation Outcomes Framework, Consolidated Framework Research, Policy Determinants Framework. Results Most wellness which combined multiple topics (n = 35, 40%) survey form 75, 87%). Fidelity was most frequently prevalent outcome 70, 81%), followed by adoption 32, 81%). readiness implementation, including resources 43, 50%), leadership 42, 49%), communication 41, 48%). Overall, low-cost easy readability. However, lengthy lack reported validity/reliability data indicate low transferability. Conclusions science can contribute more complete rigorous assessment processes, strategies ultimately benefits. Several high-quality be applied assessment. Dissemination also benefit experiences researchers.